Taaier as droogte, siektes

Mahangu as alternatiewe graangewas
Elvira Hattingh
Mahangu-tipe of pêrelgiers (pearl millet), insluitend sorghum, maak minder as 3% van die internasionale handel in graangewasse uit.

Terselfdertyd kan dié tipe gewas ’n goeie opsie wees in ’n omgewing waar die veerkragtigheid van wêreldwye handel in graanmarkte verbeter moet word en aan produksie-skokke onderwerp is.

Boonop is die gewas gehard, droogte- en siektebestand en kan dit met min onderhoud oorleef.

Die Voedsel- en Landbou-organisasie (FAO) in Namibië het in sy jongste nuusbrief gesê vanjaar is as die internasionale jaar van mahangu-gewasse gedoop – ’n geleentheid om bewusmaking te kweek van die verskeidenheid voordele wat die gewas inhou – alles van sy voedingswaarde en gesondheid tot omgewingsvolhoubaarheid en ekonomiese ontwikkeling.

Die vraag na mahangu-tipe gewasse het egter gekrimp omdat ander graangewasse soos koring, mielies en rys al hoe gewilder onder verbruikers raak.

Terselfdertyd is mahangu stapelvoedsel vir meer as 50% van die plaaslike bevolking – volgens statistiek deur die Namibiese Akkerbouraad (NAB).

Dit word plaaslik in die Zambezi-, Kavango-Oos- en Kavango-Wes-, Ohangwena-, Omusati-, Oshana-, Oshikoto-, dele van die Otjozondjupa-streek en die Tsumkwe-gebied gekweek.

“Die bevordering van mahangu-gewasse en herwinning van markgeleenthede, kan boonop bykomende bronne van inkomste vir kleinboere skep . . .” het die FAO gesê.

DROOGTEBESTAND

In droë gebiede is mahangu dikwels die enigste gewas wat in die droë seisoen geoes kan word en is dus ’n noodsaaklike item in huishoudings se kosmandjies.

Die gewas kan ook in swak en onvrugbare grond onder droëlandtoestande groei en beroof die grond nie van voedingstowwe nie.

Om die rede word daar dikwels na dit verwys as ’n gewas wat bestand is teen klimaatsverandering – omdat dit met min onderhoud en insette in droë dele van die wêreld gegroei kan word. Dit is ook minder kwesbaar vir siektes en peste.

Daarbenewens is die gewas ’n goeie bron van minerale, vesels, antioksidante en proteïen. Dit is ’n goeie voedsel vir mense met hoëbloeddruk-probleme, is vry van gluten en ’n kostedoeltreffende bron van yster.

Dit bevat ook baie koper, yster, magnesium, fosfor, selenium en sink en is ook ’n bron van tiamien en vitamien B6, sê die FAO.

Dit het selfs ’n beter voedingswaarde as verfynde gewasse, insluitende van koring, rys of mielies.

‘MAKGEMAAKֽ’

Hierdie gewas is van die heel eerste om deur mense “makgemaak” of geproduseer te word en is ’n belangrike voedselbron vir miljoene mense in Afrika suid van die Sahara asook in Asië.

Pêrelgiers verwys na ’n verskeidenheid gewasse wat klein graankorrels onder droëlandtoestande kan produseer. Dit sluit onder meer mahangu-, pêrel-, proso-, jakkalsstert-, boerenerf, klein, kodo-, bruintop-, vinger- en guinee-giers, asook swart en wit fonio, sorghum, tef en Job se trane in.

Dit het sy oorsprong in Wes-Afrika en kom vandag wydverspreid oor die semidroë, tropiese dele van Afrika en Asië voor – alhoewel dit hoofsaaklik in lande in Afrika suid van die Sahara gekweek word.

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Nam 2.22 SAME | Oryx Properties Ltd 12.1 UP 1.70% | Paratus Namibia Holdings 11.99 SAME | SBN Holdings 8.45 SAME | Trustco Group Holdings Ltd 0.48 SAME | B2Gold Corporation 47.34 DOWN 1.50% | Local Index closed 677.62 UP 0.12% | Overall Index closed 1534.6 DOWN 0.05% | Osino Resources Corp 19.47 DOWN 2.41% | Commodities: Gold US$ 2 338.05/OZ UP +0.31% | Copper US$ 4.54/lb UP +0.71% | Zinc US$ 2 869.50/T UP 0.15% | Brent Crude Oil US$ 88.96/BBP UP +0.08% | Platinum US$ 913.47/OZ DOWN -0.0026 Sport results: Premier League: Aston Villa 2 vs 2 Chelsea | Everton 1 vs 0 Brentford | Wolves 2 vs 1 Luton Town | Fulham 1 vs 1 Crystal Palace | Manchester United 1 vs 1 Burnley | Newcastle 5 vs 1 Sheffield United | West Ham 2 vs 2 Liverpool | Brighton 0 vs 4 Manchester City LaLiga: Atletico Madrid 3 vs 1 Athletic Club | Deportivo Alaves 3 vs 0 Celta Vigo | Almería 1 vs 3 Getafe | Las Palmas 0 vs 2 Girona | Real Sociedad 0 vs 1 Real Madrid SerieA: SS Lazio 1 vs 0 Hellas Verona | Juventus 0 vs 0 AC Milan | Lecce 1 vs 1 Monza | Frosinone 3 vs 0 Salernitana | Udinese 1 vs 2 AS Roma European Championships Qualifying: Hull City 3 vs 3 Ipswich Town | Millwall FC 1 vs 0 Plymouth Argyle | Blackburn Rovers 0 vs 0 Coventry City | Watford 1 vs 0 Sunderland | Bristol City 2 vs 0 Rotherham United | Huddersfield Town 1 vs 1 Birmingham City | Sheffield Wednesday 3 vs 0 West Bromwich Albion | Norwich City 2 vs 2 Swansea City | Cardiff City 1 vs 4 Middlesbrough | Southampton 0 vs 1 Stoke City | Queens Park Rangers 4 vs 0 Leeds United English Championship: Hull City 3 vs 3 Ipswich Town | Millwall FC 1 vs 0 Plymouth Argyle | Blackburn Rovers 0 vs 0 Coventry City | Watford 1 vs 0 Sunderland | Bristol City 2 vs 0 Rotherham United | Huddersfield Town 1 vs 1 Birmingham City | Sheffield Wednesday 3 vs 0 West Bromwich Albion | Norwich City 2 vs 2 Swansea City | Cardiff City 1 vs 4 Middlesbrough | Southampton 0 vs 1 Stoke City | Queens Park Rangers 4 vs 0 Leeds United Weather: Katima Mulilo: 13° | 30° Rundu: 13° | 31° Eenhana: 15° | 33° Oshakati: 17° | 32° Ruacana: 15° | 33° Tsumeb: 16° | 30° Otjiwarongo: 15° | 29° Omaruru: 16° | 32° Windhoek: 15° | 27° Gobabis: 15° | 28° Henties Bay: 20° | 33° Wind speed: 17km/h, Wind direction: S, Low tide: 11:40, High tide: 05:39, Low Tide: 23:58, High tide: 18:14 Swakopmund: 18° | 25° Wind speed: 19km/h, Wind direction: SW, Low tide: 11:38, High tide: 05:37, Low Tide: 23:56, High tide: 18:12 Walvis Bay: 21° | 32° Wind speed: 25km/h, Wind direction: SW, Low tide: 11:38, High tide: 05:36, Low Tide: 23:56, High tide: 18:11 Rehoboth: 18° | 29° Mariental: 20° | 32° Keetmanshoop: 21° | 32° Aranos: 19° | 31° Lüderitz: 20° | 38° Ariamsvlei: 20° | 33° Oranjemund: 16° | 35° Luanda: 26° | 31° Gaborone: 13° | 26° Lubumbashi: 11° | 24° Mbabane: 9° | 23° Maseru: 11° | 24° Antananarivo: 15° | 22° Lilongwe: 15° | 26° Maputo: 16° | 27° Windhoek: 15° | 27° Cape Town: 14° | 23° Durban: 15° | 27° Johannesburg: 14° | 24° Dar es Salaam: 24° | 30° Lusaka: 14° | 25° Harare: 10° | 25° Economic Indicators: Currency: GBP to NAD 23.44 | EUR to NAD 20.1 | CNY to NAD 2.59 | USD to NAD 18.8 | DZD to NAD 0.14 | AOA to NAD 0.02 | BWP to NAD 1.32 | EGP to NAD 0.38 | KES to NAD 0.14 | NGN to NAD 0.01 | ZMW to NAD 0.7 | ZWL to NAD 0.04 | BRL to NAD 3.66 | RUB to NAD 0.2 | INR to NAD 0.23 | USD to DZD 134.22 | USD to AOA 834.06 | USD to BWP 13.79 | USD to EGP 47.85 | USD to KES 134.48 | USD to NGN 1329.44 | USD to ZAR 18.78 | USD to ZMW 26.5 | USD to ZWL 321 | Stock Exchange: JSE All Share Index 75370.99 Up +1.40% | Namibian Stock Exchange (NSX) Overall Index 1673.12 Up +1.85% | Casablanca Stock Exchange (CSE) MASI 13354.97 Up +0.06% | Egyptian Exchange (EGX) 30 Index 25917.59 Down -3.21% | Botswana Stock Exchange (BSE) DCI 9142.54 Same 0 | NSX: MTC 7.75 SAME | Anirep 8.99 SAME | Capricorn Investment group 17.34 SAME | FirstRand Namibia Ltd 49 DOWN 0.50% | Letshego Holdings (Namibia) Ltd 4.1 UP 2.50% | Namibia Asset Management Ltd 0.7 SAME | Namibia Breweries Ltd 31.49 UP 0.03% | Nictus Holdings - Nam 2.22 SAME | Oryx Properties Ltd 12.1 UP 1.70% | Paratus Namibia Holdings 11.99 SAME | SBN Holdings 8.45 SAME | Trustco Group Holdings Ltd 0.48 SAME | B2Gold Corporation 47.34 DOWN 1.50% | Local Index closed 677.62 UP 0.12% | Overall Index closed 1534.6 DOWN 0.05% | Osino Resources Corp 19.47 DOWN 2.41% | Commodities: Gold US$ 2 338.05/OZ UP +0.31% | Copper US$ 4.54/lb UP +0.71% | Zinc US$ 2 869.50/T UP 0.15% | Brent Crude Oil US$ 88.96/BBP UP +0.08% | Platinum US$ 913.47/OZ DOWN -0.0026