Ontbossing is ’n doeltreffende manier om die oormatige groei van bome en bosse te verminder. FOTO PIXABAY
Ontbossing is ’n doeltreffende manier om die oormatige groei van bome en bosse te verminder. FOTO PIXABAY

Voordele van ontbossing hou langer as 7 jaar

Elvira Hattingh
Ontbossing is ’n doeltreffende manier om die oormatige groei van bome en bosse te verminder.

Inteendeel, ’n span Namibiese navorsers het gevind dat die positiewe uitwerking hiervan selfs meer as sewe jaar later nog sigbaar is – in gevalle waar die uitdun van bos met plantdoders opgevolg is.

Terwyl wild minder bebosde gebiede verkies omdat dit hulle ’n voordeel teen roofdiere bied, help ontbossing om die grond se vogbalanse te herstel, bevorder dit die groei van meerjarige grassoorte en verbeter dit weidingstoestande.

So sê ’n span van sewe navorsers in ’n wetenskaplike artikel getiteld “Response of woody vegetation to bush thinning on freehold farmlands in north-central Namibia”, wat in Januarie op nature.com gepubliseer is. Dit sluit bekende plaaslike name soos onder andere vir Matti Nghikembua, dr. Laurie Marker en Bruce Brewer in.

Navorsing oor die uitwerking van ontbossing is op drie plase in die noordooste van die land gedoen – Cheetah View, Boskop en Elandsvreugde.

Die navorsers het egter ook gevind dat die uitdunning van bos sekere bosspesies laat vermeerder, terwyl dit ander se getalle beduidend laat kwyn. Die aantal rooihaak (Vachellia reficiens) het beduidend verminder, terwyl haak-en-steek-bosse (Vachellia tortilis) aansienlik vermeerder het in die gebiede wat ontbos is.

“Dit beteken dat ontbossing die potensiaal het om die samestelling van plantspesies binne ’n ekostelsel te verander, met gewenste spesies soos rooihaak wat verminder, terwyl spesies soos haak-en-steek se getalle bevorder word.

“Die uitdun van bos het nie ’n beduidende uitwerking op sekelbos- (D. cinerea subspecies spp. africana), bladdoring- (Senegalia cinerea) of swarthaak (S. mellifera subspp. Detinens) nie. . .” het die navorsers gesê.

Die studie dui egter daarop dat bome of bosse selektief geoes kán word en dat aanbevole nasionale riglyne hiervoor voldoende is. Boonop verander ontbossing die plantestruktuur van hoë, digte en bebosde gebiede met ’n beperkte uitsig na gebiede waar plantegroei laer is en daar beter sigbaarheid is. Dit strek tot voordeel van die grondvog en weiding asook wild.

Die navorsers sê daar is egter nog onsekerheid oor hoe veranderende weerpatrone die hergroei van bosse en gras sal raak, wat ’n invloed sal hê op hoe suksesvol die hervestiging van weiding is.

Onsekerheid oor die weerpatrone vereis meer aanpasbare weidingbestuurstrategieë, wat ooreenstem met klimaatsverandering. Dit sluit in die regulering van bestokkingsyfers, rotasieweiding en die onderhouding van gebiede waar bosse vroeër uitgedun is.

“Dit is nodig om patrone in die struktuur van plantegroei oor die lang termyn te monitor ná ontbossing, veral as dit kom by veranderende weerpatrone wat deur klimaatsverandering veroorsaak word,” het die navorsers gesê.

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