Afrika-olifante as bedreig, kritiek-bedreig gelys
Afrika-olifante as bedreig, kritiek-bedreig gelys

Afrika-olifante as bedreig, kritiek-bedreig gelys

Ondanks olifantbevolkings wat afneem, floreer savanna-olifante in die Kavango-Zambezi-oorgrensgebied.
Francoise Steynberg
Francoise Steynberg – Afrika se olifante is nou volgens die Wêreldbewaringsorganisasie (IUCN) se rooilys apart gelys met woudolifante as kritiek-bedreig verklaar en savanna-olifante as bedreigde spesie.

Voorheen was Afrika se olifante as enkele spesie as weerloos op die IUCN se rooilys gelys. Dit is eerste keer dat die twee spesies apart op die rooilys gelys is weens nuwe genetiese bewyse.

Volgens ’n mediaverklaring van die IUCN het die olifantbevolking oor die afgelope dekades weens stropery vir ivoor en ’n verlies aan habitat gedaal.

“Savanna-olifantgetalle is stabiel en het oor die dekades gegroei, veral in die Kavango-Zambezi-oorgrensbewaringsgebied (Kaza) waar die grootste subbevolking op die vasteland voorkom,” lui die verslag.

“Alhoewel savanna-olifante in die bedreigde kategorie geplaas is, floreer sommige subbevolkings. Weens hierdie rede word plaaslike kennis en omsigtigheid vereis wanneer die studies in beleid omgeskakel word,” het dr. Dave Balfour, lid van die IUCN se Afrika-olifant Spesialisgroep, gesê.

Die besluit om die woud- en savanna-olifante as aparte spesies te hanteer, volg weens kundiges se nuwe navorsing in die genetika van olifantbevolkings.

Woudolifante kom in die tropiese woude van Sentraal- en Wes-Afrika voor en oorvleuel nie sommer met die habitat van savanna-olifante nie, wat meestal in Afrika suid van die Sahara in graslande en woestyne voorkom.

Woudolifante beslaan slegs ’n kwart van hul geskiedkundige habitat met die meeste oorblywende bevolkings wat tans in Gaboen en die Demokratiese Republiek die Kongo gevind word.

“Woudolifantbevolkings het oor ’n tydperk van 31 jaar met 86% gedaal terwyl savanna-olifante met 60% oor die afgelope 50 jaar afgeneem het,” lui die verklaring.

“Albei spesies het skerp afnames sedert 2008 getoon weens die aansienlike styging in stropery wat in 2011 die hoogte in geskiet het en steeds olifantbevolkings bedreig.”

Boonop is landbou en ander grondgebruike aansienlike bedreigings vir hul habitat.

Die IUCN Afrika-olifant Statusverslag van 2016 voorsien die mees onlangse betroubare beraming van 415 000 olifante van die twee spesies gekombineer op die vasteland.

Ondanks die algehele afname van beide spesies in Afrika, is daar ook suksesvolle bewaringspogings, soos beter teenstropingsmaatreëls, meer ondersteunende wetgewing en grondgebruikbeplanning om mens-dier-konflik te voorkom.

IUCN se rooilys sluit nou altesaam 134 425 spesies in waarvan 37 480 uitwissing in die gesig staar.

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Nam 2.22 SAME | Oryx Properties Ltd 12.1 UP 1.70% | Paratus Namibia Holdings 11.99 SAME | SBN Holdings 8.45 SAME | Trustco Group Holdings Ltd 0.48 SAME | B2Gold Corporation 47.34 DOWN 1.50% | Local Index closed 677.62 UP 0.12% | Overall Index closed 1534.6 DOWN 0.05% | Osino Resources Corp 19.47 DOWN 2.41% | Commodities: Gold US$ 2 318.21/OZ DOWN -0.0022 | Copper US$ 4.44/lb UP +0.76% | Zinc US$ 2 811.00/T DOWN -0.09% | Brent Crude Oil US$ 87.95/BBP DOWN -0.0044 | Platinum US$ 902.03/OZ DOWN -0.0086